From c081f2287cc18513e69603e500f5dfbe9ee62cf8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lars Martens <lars@martens.red>
Date: Tue, 14 Dec 2021 17:57:04 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Day 14

---
 input/14-test.txt |  18 +++++++
 input/14.txt      | 102 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/bin/14.rs     | 117 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 237 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 input/14-test.txt
 create mode 100644 input/14.txt
 create mode 100644 src/bin/14.rs

diff --git a/input/14-test.txt b/input/14-test.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5594dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/input/14-test.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+NNCB
+
+CH -> B
+HH -> N
+CB -> H
+NH -> C
+HB -> C
+HC -> B
+HN -> C
+NN -> C
+BH -> H
+NC -> B
+NB -> B
+BN -> B
+BB -> N
+BC -> B
+CC -> N
+CN -> C
diff --git a/input/14.txt b/input/14.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0400f1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/input/14.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+NCOPHKVONVPNSKSHBNPF
+
+ON -> C
+CK -> H
+HC -> B
+NP -> S
+NH -> H
+CB -> C
+BB -> H
+BC -> H
+NN -> C
+OH -> B
+SF -> V
+PB -> H
+CP -> P
+BN -> O
+NB -> B
+KB -> P
+PV -> F
+SH -> V
+KP -> S
+OF -> K
+BS -> V
+PF -> O
+BK -> S
+FB -> B
+SV -> B
+BH -> V
+VK -> N
+CS -> V
+FV -> F
+HS -> C
+KK -> O
+SP -> N
+FK -> B
+CF -> C
+HP -> F
+BF -> O
+KC -> C
+VP -> O
+BP -> P
+FF -> V
+NO -> C
+HK -> C
+HV -> B
+PK -> P
+OV -> F
+VN -> H
+PC -> K
+SB -> H
+VO -> V
+BV -> K
+NC -> H
+OB -> S
+SN -> B
+HF -> P
+VF -> B
+HN -> H
+KS -> S
+SC -> S
+CV -> B
+NS -> P
+KO -> V
+FS -> O
+PH -> K
+BO -> C
+FH -> B
+CO -> O
+FO -> F
+VV -> N
+CH -> V
+NK -> N
+PO -> K
+OK -> K
+PP -> O
+OC -> P
+FC -> N
+VH -> S
+PN -> C
+VB -> C
+VS -> P
+HO -> F
+OP -> S
+HB -> N
+CC -> K
+KN -> S
+SK -> C
+OS -> N
+KH -> B
+FP -> S
+NF -> S
+CN -> S
+KF -> C
+SS -> C
+SO -> S
+NV -> O
+FN -> B
+PS -> S
+HH -> C
+VC -> S
+OO -> C
+KV -> P
diff --git a/src/bin/14.rs b/src/bin/14.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..747fcb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/14.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+use std::{collections::HashMap, hash::Hash};
+
+fn main() {
+    let mut puzzle = input();
+    for _ in 0..10 {
+        puzzle.step();
+    }
+    println!("First solution: {}", puzzle.score());
+    for _ in 0..30 {
+        puzzle.step();
+    }
+    println!("Second solution: {}", puzzle.score());
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+struct Digram(char, char);
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct Puzzle {
+    /// polymer is a count of all digrams in it.
+    polymer: HashMap<Digram, usize>,
+    /// start and end need to be kept track of, since all other chars are counted doubly,
+    /// due to the nature of counting the digrams.
+    start: char,
+    end: char,
+    instructions: Vec<Instruction>,
+}
+
+/// ab -> to
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+struct Instruction {
+    from: Digram,
+    to: char,
+}
+
+impl Puzzle {
+    fn step(&mut self) {
+        let mut new_polymer = HashMap::new();
+        for (&old_digram, &count) in &self.polymer {
+            if let Some(i) = self.find_instruction(old_digram) {
+                for new_digram in i.output() {
+                    let counter = new_polymer.entry(new_digram).or_default();
+                    *counter += count;
+                }
+            } else {
+                let counter = new_polymer.entry(old_digram).or_default();
+                *counter += count;
+            }
+        }
+        self.polymer = new_polymer;
+    }
+
+    fn find_instruction(&self, d: Digram) -> Option<Instruction> {
+        self.instructions.iter().copied().find(|i| i.from == d)
+    }
+
+    fn score(&self) -> usize {
+        // All chars were counted doubly, due to the nature of the digrams, except start and end.
+        // Add one for those manually here.
+        let mut char_count: HashMap<char, usize> =
+            [(self.start, 1), (self.end, 1)].into_iter().collect();
+
+        for (&d, &count) in &self.polymer {
+            for c in [d.0, d.1] {
+                let counter = char_count.entry(c).or_default();
+                *counter += count;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let mut doubly_counted: Vec<usize> = char_count.values().copied().collect();
+        doubly_counted.sort_unstable();
+
+        (doubly_counted.last().unwrap() - doubly_counted.first().unwrap()) / 2
+    }
+}
+
+impl Instruction {
+    fn output(&self) -> [Digram; 2] {
+        [Digram(self.from.0, self.to), Digram(self.to, self.from.1)]
+    }
+}
+
+fn input() -> Puzzle {
+    let file = include_str!("../../input/14.txt");
+
+    let polymer_chars: Vec<char> = file.lines().next().unwrap().trim().chars().collect();
+    let polymer = polymer_chars
+        .windows(2)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|w| Digram(w[0], w[1]))
+        .fold(HashMap::new(), |mut acc, d| {
+            let count = acc.entry(d).or_default();
+            *count += 1;
+            acc
+        });
+
+    let instructions = file
+        .lines()
+        .filter(|l| l.contains("->"))
+        .filter_map(|l| l.split_once(" -> "))
+        .map(|(from, to)| {
+            let a = from.chars().next().unwrap();
+            let b = from.chars().nth(1).unwrap();
+            Instruction {
+                from: Digram(a, b),
+                to: to.chars().next().unwrap(),
+            }
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    Puzzle {
+        polymer,
+        instructions,
+        start: polymer_chars.first().copied().unwrap(),
+        end: polymer_chars.last().copied().unwrap(),
+    }
+}